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#Exhibit of the Month

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Porcelain is a material that has sparked great interest throughout history, and its production has been a true challenge. Also known as "white gold," porcelain is a white, translucent ceramic material obtained by firing a paste of kaolin, quartz, and feldspar, along with other additives, at high temperatures. It was first discovered and used in China. The first Chinese porcelain objects arrived in Europe in the 13th century, but a broader spread of Chinese porcelain on the European continent is recorded in the 17th century. The technology for producing porcelain was kept a secret by the Chinese for a very long time.

The first hard-paste porcelain manufactory in Europe, located in the city of Meissen, was established in 1710 due to discoveries in porcelain production made by Saxon mathematician and physicist Ehrenfried Walter von Tschirnhaus (1661-1708), which were put into practice by the royal court alchemist Johann Friedrich Böttger (1682-1718). He invented the glaze and achieved the complete fusion of the shard and the glaze. The Meissen factory, still operational today, has created and continues to create a vast range of porcelain products. Crafted by the finest artists, sculptors, and engravers, who use unique hand-painted colors and exclusive designs, Meissen products are of exceptional quality and elegance, enjoying worldwide fame.

The tea set, partially consisting of seven pieces (teapot, milk jug, sugar bowl, and two cups with saucers), displayed in this showcase, is a product of the famous Meissen factory in the Kingdom of Saxony, Germany. It was crafted in the first half of the 19th century from high-quality porcelain. The exhibit became part of the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova through a transfer from the "G. Cotovschi" Memorial House in Hâncești, which was closed in 1989-1990.

The decoration of these pieces is remarkable, featuring hand-painted "German flowers," one of the well-known styles of floral and plant decoration practiced by Meissen craftsmen since the 18th century. They were influenced by Chinese porcelain, which was often adorned with images of flowers and fruits. A distinctive feature of this decorative style was the "scattered flowers" arrangement, where floral elements were placed as individual blossoms or bouquets across the surface of porcelain objects.

The marking on the underside of the pieces consists of two crossed swords, elements borrowed from the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Saxony, applied by hand with cobalt paint under the glaze. With slight variations in the representation of the swords, this mark has been used since 1722 and continues to the present day. The mark on this tea set is characterized by prominent dots on the crossed swords, a feature used at the Meissen factory between 1815 and 1860.

The polychrome floral painting, gilding, and the application of a rosebud on the lids of the teapot and sugar bowl lend a sublime delicacy to these pieces, making them rare and exquisite.


Virtual Tour


Exhibitions

"Icon of Christ - living expression of the Gospel"

April 25 – August 18, 2024

The exhibition entitled "Icon of Christ - living expression of the Gospel" is dedicated to the collection of icons with a Christological theme from the heritage of the National Museum of History of Moldova. The exhibition aims to familiarize the visiting public with some of the ecclesiastical art objects from the museum's collection, many of these being exhibited for the first time.

As an essential part of life, icons embody the artistic preferences and worldviews of different segments of the population. The icons preserved in the museum collections represent the miniature model of the style and traditions of the local iconographic art. The exhibition includes significant cultural assets for their patrimonial, artistic, spiritual and memorialistic value.

About sixty icons from Bessarabia, Ukraine, Russia, Jerusalem and Greece are presented in the exhibition. The earliest icon dates from 1810, in its field the name of the author, the monk Evtaph, is also found, the latest comes from a monastery workshop in Greece, dating from the second half of the 20th century. Painted on wood and canvas, the icons represent various styles of iconographic art such as those of the Byzantine tradition and of the realist-academic manner, those that combine the baroque element, as well as those of naive expression. The exhibited icons represent the fruit of painters with special training and that of amateur painters, characteristics that evoke the iconographic expressions that shaped the Bessarabian icon in that period.

The distinctive element of the exhibition is the diversity of categories and styles of interpretation, of techniques and materials, of forms of realization - all this giving it authenticity and personality. Given the numerous presence of pieces of the same iconographic category, the criterion for displaying the icons is the typological one. The entire iconographic material has been systematized in five distinct compartments. The first thematic group is made up of the icons that evoke the "Evangelical Face of the Savior", a category that sums up the most iconographic types from the "Birth of the Lord" to the "Entombment". "The Face of Christ in Glory" includes the iconographic subjects - " The Transfiguration", the "Resurrection of the Lord" and the "Ascension of the Lord" - moments when the apostles are initiated into revelatory mysteries not yet known to them. The "unmade face of the Savior" is depicted in the icons "Mahram of King Abgar" and "Mahram of Veronica ", these representing the Achiropites", images on which, according to tradition, the face of the Savior miraculously appears.

The first representation is considered the "Byzantine" or Eastern face of God, printed on the handkerchief sent to King Abgar of Edessa, the second, also called the "Roman" or Western face, it reproduces the suffering face of the Lord on the face of Veronica, the woman who through the touch of the Saviour's garment healed the heavy afflictions. The "Good Shepherd" icons represent the "Symbolic Face of the Saviour", a face inspired by the Gospel, from the words and parables of the Saviour, rendered as deeply as it is sublime and pure in its spirituality. The iconographic types Jesus Christ "Vine", Jesus Christ "Pantocrator", Jesus Christ "Great Emperor" and Jesus Christ "High Priest" embody the "Liturgical Face of the Savior". The most numerous images in this compartment are those in which Jesus Christ is depicted in the posture of Pantocrator.Reproduced in about 40 icons, the most representative ones were selected for their artistic and spiritual messages.

Other liturgical objects from the museum's heritage were used as complementary material - pectoral crosses, candlesticks, chalices, censers, etc. The visiting public will have the opportunity to examine some enlarged details from the composition of the icons on display, placed separately, which may pleasantly surprise them.


 




Independent Moldova
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Bessarabia and MASSR between the Two World Wars
Bessarabia and Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Period between the Two World Wars
Revival of National Movement
Time of Reforms and their Consequences
Abolition of Autonomy. Bessarabia – a New Tsarist Colony
Period of Relative Autonomy of Bessarabia within the Russian Empire
Phanariot Regime
Golden Age of the Romanian Culture
Struggle for Maintaining of Independence of Moldova
Formation of Independent Medieval State of Moldova
Era of the
Great Nomad Migrations
Early Middle Ages
Iron Age and Antiquity
Bronze Age
Aeneolithic Age
Neolithic Age
Palaeolithic Age
  
  

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#Exhibit of the Month

Porcelain is a material that has sparked great interest throughout history, and its production has been a true challenge. Also known as "white gold," porcelain is a white, translucent ceramic material obtained by firing a paste of kaolin, quartz, and feldspar, along with other additives, at high temperatures...

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

 



The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC