Porcelain is a material that has sparked great interest throughout history, and its production has been a true challenge. Also known as "white gold," porcelain is a white, translucent ceramic material obtained by firing a paste of kaolin, quartz, and feldspar, along with other additives, at high temperatures. It was first discovered and used in China. The first Chinese porcelain objects arrived in Europe in the 13th century, but a broader spread of Chinese porcelain on the European continent is recorded in the 17th century. The technology for producing porcelain was kept a secret by the Chinese for a very long time.
The first hard-paste porcelain manufactory in Europe, located in the city of Meissen, was established in 1710 due to discoveries in porcelain production made by Saxon mathematician and physicist Ehrenfried Walter von Tschirnhaus (1661-1708), which were put into practice by the royal court alchemist Johann Friedrich Böttger (1682-1718). He invented the glaze and achieved the complete fusion of the shard and the glaze. The Meissen factory, still operational today, has created and continues to create a vast range of porcelain products. Crafted by the finest artists, sculptors, and engravers, who use unique hand-painted colors and exclusive designs, Meissen products are of exceptional quality and elegance, enjoying worldwide fame.
The tea set, partially consisting of seven pieces (teapot, milk jug, sugar bowl, and two cups with saucers), displayed in this showcase, is a product of the famous Meissen factory in the Kingdom of Saxony, Germany. It was crafted in the first half of the 19th century from high-quality porcelain. The exhibit became part of the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova through a transfer from the "G. Cotovschi" Memorial House in Hâncești, which was closed in 1989-1990.
The decoration of these pieces is remarkable, featuring hand-painted "German flowers," one of the well-known styles of floral and plant decoration practiced by Meissen craftsmen since the 18th century. They were influenced by Chinese porcelain, which was often adorned with images of flowers and fruits. A distinctive feature of this decorative style was the "scattered flowers" arrangement, where floral elements were placed as individual blossoms or bouquets across the surface of porcelain objects.
The marking on the underside of the pieces consists of two crossed swords, elements borrowed from the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Saxony, applied by hand with cobalt paint under the glaze. With slight variations in the representation of the swords, this mark has been used since 1722 and continues to the present day. The mark on this tea set is characterized by prominent dots on the crossed swords, a feature used at the Meissen factory between 1815 and 1860.
The polychrome floral painting, gilding, and the application of a rosebud on the lids of the teapot and sugar bowl lend a sublime delicacy to these pieces, making them rare and exquisite.
• Nicolae Răileanu, Instituțiile muzeale din Moldova: reflecții pe marginea unei realități (Des Institutions muséales de Moldova: quelques réflexions une réalité) • Andrei Eșanu, Unele considerații privind problema culturii românești în epoca Renașterii (sec. XVI-XVII) (Certaines considérations concernant le problème de la culture roumaine à l'époque de la Renaissance (XVI-XVII s.s.) • Vlad D. Ghimpu, Biserici și mănăstiri moldovenești în Basarabia anilor 1457-1600 (Eglises et monastères moldaves en Bessarabie des années 1457-1600) • Valentin Tomuleț, Unele probleme de discuție privind includerea Basarabiei în sistemul pieței interne ruse (anii 1812-1868) (Certains problèmes de diacission concernant l'inclusion de la Bessarabie dans le systhème du marché intérieur russe (1812-1868) • Elena Postică, Partidul Libertății (Le Parti de la Libération)
II. Arheologie și istorie (Archeologie et Histoire)
• Nicolae Chetraru, Serghei Covalenco, Așezări paleolitice de lângă orășelul Otaci (Les habitats paléolitiques auprès de Otaci) • Vsevolod Marchevlci, Așezarea Cucuteniană Stânca lui Harascu (La station cucuténienne Cuconeștii Vechi – Stânca lui Harascu) • Ecaterina Abâzov, Eugen Clocico, Tumulul nr. 1 din necropola tumulară Chirileni (La nécropole tumulaire près du village Chirileni) • Nicolae Chetraru, Natalia Mateevici, Cercetările tumulului nr. 45 din raionul Dubăsari (Les recherches de la tumulte nr. 45 près de Dubăsari) • Alexandru Levinschi, Despre un grup de necropole ale culturii Sântana de Mureș-Cerneahov din interfluviul Nistru-Prut (Au sujet d'un group de necropoles de la culture Sântana de Mureș-Cherneahov entre Nistrou- Prouth) • Alexandru Levinschi, „O fibulă particulară germanică din epoca imperialo-romană găsită în Basarabia”: retrospecții la evaluarea savantului N. Moroșan („Une fibules particulière gérmanique de l'époque imperial - romaine trouvée en Bessarabie”: rétrospections aux evaluations du savant N. Moroșan) • Nicolae Telnov, Tatiana Reaboi, Cercetarea orașului Hoardei de Aur Costești - Gârlea (Recherchs arhéologiques dans la viile de Horde d'Or Costești - Gârlea) • Pavel Bârnea, Ecaterina Abâzov, Platoul de bronz de la Orheiul Vechi (Le plateau de bronze de Orheiul Vechi) • Pavel Bârnea, Tatiana Reaboi, Obiecte de proveniență orientală la Orheiul Vechi (Objets de provenance orientale a Orheiul Vechi) • Vlad D. Ghimpu, Cruci - encolpioane din colecția Muzeului Național de Istorie a Moldovei (Petites croix doubles reliquaires de collections du Musée National d'Histoire de Moldova) • Grigore Cemârtan, Răspândirea, densitatea și variabilitatea cerbului nobil (cervus elaphus L.) pe teritoriul interfluviilor Nistru-Prut în holocen (La diffusion, la denslté et la variabilite du cervus elaphus (Lat) sur le territorie entre le Pruth-Nistru en holocène) • Minai Onilă, File din istoria satului Isacova (Pages d'histoire du village Isacova) • Serghei Klimovski, Ivan Movcean, Andrei Reutov, Urme ale volohilor pe dealul vechiului Kiev (Les traces des volohs sur la colline de l'Ancien Kiev) • Valentina Eșanu, „Cazania” Mitropolitului Varlaam în Dobrogea (La „Casanie” du Mitropole Varlaam de Dobrogea) • Irina Gonciarov, Moneda moldo-valahă de la 1771-1774 (La monnaie moldo-valah de 1771-1774) • Maria Hasnaș, Unele considerații privind istoria fotografiei în Basarabia (Certains considérations concernant l'histoire de la photographie en Bessarabie) • Aliona Niculiță, Organizarea judecătorească a Basarabiei conform legii din 1818 (L'organisatbn judiciaire en Bessarabie d'apris la loi de 1818) • Maria Danilov, Istoricul tipăririi și arealul de răspândire a Bibliei românești de la Petersburg (1819) (L'historique de la publication et de l'aréale de la diffusion de la Bible Roumaine de Sanct-Petersburg 1819) • Maria Danilov, Enigma unui manuscris (L'enigme d'un manuscrit) • Ana Grițco, Din istoria poștei și mărcii poștale în Basarabia (De l'histoire de la poste et du timbre postal en Bessarabie) • Ion Stratulat, Coloniile germane din sudul Basarabiei (Les provinces germaines de la Bessarabie du Sud) • Valentin Tomuleț, Activitatea comercială a negustorilor armeni în Basarabia în prima treime a sec. XIX (L'activité commérciale des marchands arméniens en Bessarabie dans le premier tiers du XIX s.) • Liubov Malahov, Societatea Istorico-Arheologică Bisericească din Basarabia (90 de ani de la inaugurare) (La societe Historique-Archeologique d'Eglise de Bessarabie (90 ans depuis son inaugurations) • Elena Postică, Armata Neagră. Organizație patriotică de rezistență, sau „bandă teroristă antisovietică?" (L'Armee Noire - organisations patriotique de résistence ou „bande terroriste antisoviétique?" • Aurelia Cornețchi, Din istoricul Liceului de fete din Soroca (Pages historiques du Lycée defilles de Soroca) • Elvira Vacula, Activitatea Camerei de comerț și industrie din Chișinău în anii 1921-1930 (Contribution concernant l'activité de la Chambre Commérciale et Industrielle de Bessarabie) • Tamara Gubcovschi, Familia Racoviță: o soartă vitregă (La familie Racovrță: un sort eruel)
III. Muzeografie și memorialistică (Museographie et memoriaux)
• Măria Hasnaș, Fotografia - document și exponat. Retrospectivă (La photographie - document et exponat. Rétrospective) • Eugenia Borodac, Tamara Stamatov, Porțelanuri de Saxonia în colecția Muzeului Național de Istorie a Moldovei (Des porcelaines de Saxonie dans la collection du Musée National d'Histoire de Moldova) • Liubov Reprințev, Colecția de ceasuri din fondurile MNIM (Collection de montres des fonds du Musée National d'Histoire de Moldova) • Ludmila Năstase, Constantin Crăciunescu(file din biografia unui medic basarabean) (Constantin Crăciunescu. Pages biographiques d'un médicin bessarabien) • Măria Evdochimov, Petru Ungurean - pagini din viață și activitate(Petru Ungurean - pages de la vie et son activité)
IV. Cronică. Recenzii (Chronique. Comptes - Rendus)
• Alexandru Levinschi, Un tezaur monetar de la Stolniceni (considerații preliminare) (Un tresor monnaitaire de Stolniceni (Information préliminaire) • Ion Negrei, Anuarul Muzeului Național - o carte de istorie a Moldovei (L'Anuaire du Musée National - livre - d'histoire de Moldova) • Vlad D. Ghimpu, Ion Tentiuc - Populația din Moldova Centrală în secolele Xl-XIII, Ed. Helios, lași, 1996, 280 p. (Ion Tentfuc - La population de la Moldavie Centrale pendant Ies XI - XIII siecles, Ed. Helios, lassy, 1996, 280 p.)
Porcelain is a material that has sparked great interest throughout history, and its production has been a true challenge. Also known as "white gold," porcelain is a white, translucent ceramic material obtained by firing a paste of kaolin, quartz, and feldspar, along with other additives, at high temperatures...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The decoration of these pieces is remarkable, featuring hand-painted "German flowers," one of the well-known styles of floral and plant decoration practiced by Meissen craftsmen since the 18th century. They were influenced by Chinese porcelain, which was often adorned with images of flowers and fruits. A distinctive feature of this decorative style was the "scattered flowers" arrangement, where floral elements were placed as individual blossoms or bouquets across the surface of porcelain objects.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
